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| M. Kato1, N. Otomo1, K. Nishimura2, Y. Tadano3, T. Marubashi3, H. Miyazaki3, K. Maruta3 and D. M. Hooge4 |
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| 1Calpis USA, Inc., Schaumburg, IL, 2Quality Tech. Int’l, Inc., Elgin, IL,3 Calpis Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan, and 4Hooge Consulting Service, Inc., Eagle Mountain, UT. |
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Abstract
Intestinal Lactobacilli (Lac) counts and Lactobacilli/Total Anaerobes (Lac/TA%; 50% or more optimal) are important in relationship to broiler performance and pathogen loads. CALSPORIN® (Calpis Co. Ltd, Tokyo, Japan) has Bacillus subtilis C-3102 (Bs) aerobic spores which vegetate in digesta and consume oxygen causing proliferation of native colonizing,
facultatively anaerobic Lactobacilli to help improve bird performance and reduce pathogen loads. In Exp. 1 in southern Japan, Bs was added to all broiler feeds (0 or 3x105 CFU/g), and excreta collected at 2 ages. At 14 d, in the Bs flock Lac increased (P<0.05) and Salmonella were not detected vs 4.97 Log10 CFU/g excreta in the negative control flock. At 49 d, Clostridium perfringens (3.22 vs 2.66 Log10 CFU/g excreta; P<0.05) and Salmonella (4.07 vs 3.31 Log10CFU/g excreta, P<0.01; 20/20 vs 10/20, P<0.05) were reduced in the Bs flock. Two trials were conducted at a US broiler company to compare Bs fed flocks vs previous antibiotic growth promoter (AGP; for necrotic enteritis prevention) fed flocks. Excreta was collected at 35 d. In Exp. 2, Lac (P<0.001) and Lac/TA% (22.9% vs 52.2%; P<0.05) were higher and Enterobacteriacae (coliforms) lower (P<0.01) in Bs birds. Livability was higher and farm condemnations lower in 7 Bs flocks vs 4 previous AGP flocks (P<0.01), and caloric conversion was lower in 7 Bs flocks vs 902 simultaneous AGP flocks (P=0.014). In Exp. 3a, Lac (P<0.001) and Lac/TA% (21.2% vs 58.5%; P<0.01) were higher in Bs birds. In Exp. 3b (same control as Exp. 3a), Lac (P<0.001) and Lac/TA% (21.2% vs 54.8 and 59.5% P<0.001) were higher and Clostridium perfringens lower (P<0.05) in Bs birds. The Bs C-3102 flocks had higher intestinal (excreta) Lac or Lac/TA%, lower pathogen counts, and/or improved performance, compared to previous (or simultaneous) AGP flocks. |
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| Key Words: Bacillus subtilis C-3102, Lactobacilli, pathogens |
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